You cannot stay beyond 90 days in any 180-days’ period.
There are three categories of Schengen visa
Short stay visa: This visa allows for single or multiple entries and you can stay in the Schengen territory up to 90 days in the validity period of six months.
Long stay visa: This is issued for a period exceeding 90 days and are issued by the countries. The national legislation rules apply here.
Airport transit visa: This is required for people belonging to certain countries.