A Type C visa is needed for short-term stays up to a maximum of 90 days in any 180-days’ period. On a Type C visa, you can do business, attend study programs, visit friends/relatives, participate in cultural or sporting events etc.
If you wish to visit the country for tourism and leisure, business purposes, visiting friends or relatives, official visits, medical care, short-term study and research purposes, you need to apply for a Schengen Visa.
The Schengen Consulate may issue you a single, double or multiple-entry visa valid for 90 days, depending on your reasons for visiting the Schengen Region and the frequency of your visits.